| 摘要: |
| 随着我国航天事业的蓬勃发展，运载火箭发射要求也呈现多样化。北斗卫星导航系统是我国自行研制的全球卫星导航系统，经历三步跨越式发展，目前已经全面建成。CZ-3A系列火箭承担了北斗工程全部发射任务，该工程对火箭倾斜同步转移轨道（IGTO）、中圆转移轨道（MTO）、地球同步转移轨道（GTO）新类型轨道要求。介绍了该类轨道特点，讨论了火箭发射方案、发射轨道设计及高空风双向补偿方法。实际飞行考核充分证明了发射轨道设计的正确性，设计方法确保了北斗工程全部发射任务取得圆满成功，为北斗工程顺利实施奠定了基础。 |
| 关键词: 北斗工程 运载火箭 发射轨道 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Beidou Project Trajectory Design for IGSO/MEO/GEO |
| ZHOU Tianshuai,ZHOU Tao,ZHANG Yipu,ZHANG Bojun |
| (Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering，Beijing 100076，China) |
| Abstract: |
| The launching requirements of launch vehicle are various with the development of China's aerospace industry. Beidou navigation satellite system is China independently developed global navigation satellite system, which has made three-step progress, and now has fully completed. CZ-3A series launch vehicles completed all launch missions of Beidou Project. It puts forward new type requirement of orbit for launch vehicles. This paper introduces characteristics of IGTO/MTO/GTO orbit design. The flight plan of launch vehicles, trajectory design and two-way wind compensation method are discussed. All launch flights are successful, which proves the correctness of trajectory design. The design method ensured sucessful launches of all Beidou Project missions, and also laid a foundation for the whole project. |
| Key words: Beidou project Launch vehicle Trajectory |